PICO
Patient/Population
Nonspecific chronic low back pain, more than 6 months (n=31)
Intervention
- Craniosacral therapy
Comparison
- Sensorimotor training
Outcomes
Pain
Disability
Depression
Quality of life
Translatability: (3/3) Easy
Comments: CST or SMT can significantly control pain, disability, depression, and quality of life in patients with NCLBP; but the efficacy of CST is significantly better than SMT.
Limitations: Only subjective outcome measurements, not set blinding procedure in the assessment phases during the study,
Appraisals:
PEDro Scale – (7/10) Blind subjects: No; Blind therapists: No Blind assessors: No. (by PEDro – confirmed)
BTB
Intervention – 1
- Craniosacral therapy
Dose
- 45 min – four 10 min phases.
Periodicity
- 5 weks, 2 times a week
Local/Technic:
Modified Upledger and Vredevoogd (1996) therapeutic protocol.
- In the prone position:
Dominant hand in the lower lumbar region, which moves slightly towards thoracic and cervical spine and occipital bone; non-dominant hand on sacrum.
- In side-lying position:
A – (behind the therapist) with slight hip and knee flexion; dominant hand on occipital bone; non-dominant hand on sacrum.
B – (in front of the therapist) with slight hip and knee flexion; dominant hand on frontal bone; non-dominant hand on occipital bone (web space on base of occipital).
- In the supine position:
Both hands at temporal and parietal bones of two sides.
In these positions, both the therapist and the patient should be relaxed to feel rhythmic of cerebral spinal fluid and craniosacral movements. Therapist should only sense and follow movements in its direction, not correct or adjust them.
Intervention – 2
- Sensorimotor training
Dose
- —
Periodicity
- 5 weks, 2 times a week
Local/Technic:
Balance training based on the Page approach.
3 progressive stages of static, dynamic, and functional, in each stage, patients experience different postures and base of support and their center of gravity is being challenged.
Citation: Ghasemi C, Amiri A, Sarrafzadeh J, Dadgoo M Anaesthesia, pain and intensive care, 2021, 25(2), 189‐198 | added to CENTRAL: 30 June 2021 | 2021 Issue 06 https://doi.org/10.35975/APIC.V25I2.1458